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. 2020 Apr 3;15(4):e0231138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231138

Fig 3. Humoral responses after DNA vaccination.

Fig 3

BALB/c mice were immunized with 10 μg pVax-HA, 10 μg pVax-NP, and 10 μg adjuvant DNA (or pVax-empty as control) via intramuscular injection followed by electroporation. 28 days after the immunization, serum samples were generated from peripheral blood and the humoral response was analysed. (A-C) NP- and HA-expressing HEK 293T cells were incubated with serum dilutions (1:100 for NP and PR8 HA; 1:20 for pdm09 HA) and antigen-specific antibodies were measured with a FITC-conjugated detection antibody via flow cytometry. Values are depicted as mean + SEM for all groups and statistical significances were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric one-way ANOVA followed by Dunn's post-test; #, p<0.05 vs. naive; *, p<0.05 vs. pVax-empty (n = 5–6 animals per group). (D) The neutralization capacity of serum samples was assessed by an in vitro neutralization assay against H1N1 PR8. Depicted are individual data points for each animal and the group median. The dotted line represents the detection limit (1:10 dilution). Statistical significances were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric one-way ANOVA followed by Dunn's post-test; #, p<0.05 vs. naive; *, p<0.05 vs. pVax-empty (n = 5–6 animals per group).