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. 2016 Apr 27:105–139. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-38953-0_5

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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

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Fig. 5.1 — Flow chart of the original compartment model of microparasite impacts on host populations based on population pools of susceptible, infected, resistant individuals (modified from Anderson and May 1979). Hosts shift from susceptible to infected as a function of transmission rate (β) and infected to resistant as a function of survival of infection (v), while birth (a) and death (b, a + b for infected hosts) rates drive population dynamics. Variation in host social behavior could impact β (•), which mediates the number of infected individuals as well as the subsequent fitness of infected individuals via reproductive rate (♦)