Table 5.

Indications for Antimicrobial Agents in Diarrheal Disease of Established Cause^legend

Clearly indicated	Indicated in Some Situations	Not Indicated
Shigellosis Cholera	Nontyphoidal salmonellosis in infants <12 weeks of age and immunocompromised hosts)	Rotavirus infection Other viral infections
Traveler’s diarrhea∗	Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (nursery outbreaks)	Nontyphoidal salmonellosis
Amebiasis	Enteroinvasive E. coli	Cryptosporidiosis
Giardiasis	Campylobacter (early treatment of dysentery)
Cyclospora	Clostridium difficile colitis
	Yersinia (protracted infection)
	Noncholera vibrio

^∗Enterotoxigenic E. coli is the most common cause of acute traveler’s diarrhea, and certain antibiotics, such as quinolones, are highly effective.

^legendModified from (6).