Table 1.

Modifiable lifestyle risk factors and their definitions

Modifiable lifestyle risk factor	Definition
Alcohol consumption
Non-drinker	Did not drink in the past 12 months or drinking frequency is less than weekly
Light drinker	Drinks at least once per week, and up to 2 drinks in the past week (females), or had up to 3 drinks in the past week (males)
Moderate drinker	Drinks at least once per week, and had between 3 and 14 drinks in the past week (females), or between 4 and 21 drinks in the paast week (males)
Heavy drinker	Drinks at least once per week, and had more than 14 drinks (females), or more than 21 drinks (males)
Body mass index (BMI)
Healthy weight	18.5 to 25 kg/m2
Underweight	<18.5 kg/m2
Overweight	25 to 30 kg/m2
Obese, class 1	30 to 35 kg/m2
Obese, class 2	35 to 40 kg/m2
Obese, class 3	>40 kg/m2
Cigarette smoking
Never smoked	Less than 100 cigarettes smoked ever
Heavy smoker	Currently smokes 1 or more packs per day
Light smoker	Currently smokes less than 1 pack per day
Former heavy smoker	Formerly smoked 1 or more packs per day
Former light smoker	Formerly smoked less than 1 pack per day
Former smoker, unknown amount	Formerly smoked, but packs per day was not reported
Daily fruit and vegetable consumption
0 to 3 times	Consumed fruits and vegetables between 0 and 3 times a day
3 to 6 times	Consumed fruits and vegetables between 3 and 6 times a day
6 or more times	Consumed fruits and vegetables 6 or more times a day
Leisure physical activity
No physical activity	0 metabolic equivalents per day
Slightly active	0 to 1.5 metabolic equivalents per day
Moderately active	1.5 to 3 metabolic equivalents per day
Active	3 or more metabolic equivalents per day

For daily fruit and vegetable consumption, starchy vegetables (e.g. potatoes) were not considered and fruit juice was counted maximum once per day.