Table 2.
Children |
From fetus to 1 month old |
Review of obstetrical medical records |
From 1 month old to 3 or 3.5 years old |
Review of infants' health examination records conducted by municipalities |
Abstracting data from maternal and child health handbooka |
From 4 years old or older |
Health assessment at ‘community support centre’b |
Review of school health examination records |
Abstracting data from maternal and child health handbooka |
Any age of less than 20 years old |
Self-reported questionnaire by guardians |
Review of medical records, when detecting disease indicators |
Abstracting data from Miyagi Medical and Welfare Information Network (MMWIN)c |
Record linkage |
• Change of address |
• Death date and causes |
• Cancer registry |
• Japanese system for intractable diseases and specific chronic diseases in childhood (under consideration) |
Adults |
Any age of 20 years old or older |
Self-reported questionnaire |
Health assessment at ‘community support centre’b |
Review of medical records, when detecting disease indicators |
Abstracting data from Miyagi Medical and Welfare Information Network (MMWIN)c |
Record linkage |
• Change of address |
• Death date and causes |
• Cancer registry |
• Receipt of National Health Insurance (if applicable) |
• Long-Term Care Insurance data (if applicable) |
Maternal and child health handbook has been distributed to all mothers by the municipalities in Japan since 1947. It consists of information on pregnancy, delivery, child development, immunization and child growth charts.33
We established seven ‘community support centres’ in Miyagi Prefecture as local facilities for health assessment of participants.25
Miyagi Medical and Welfare Information Network (MMWIN) is the information and communication technology system under construction by Miyagi Prefecture for information on the diseases incidence and clinical information.32