Table 2.
Screening Tools among Patients with Suspected Infection in Cohort 1, Both for All Patients and for Survivors Compared with Nonsurvivors
| Variable | All Patients (n = 5,460) | Survivors (n = 4,694) | Nonsurvivors (n = 766) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| qSOFA ≥ 2 | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 4,276 (78.3) | 3,923 (91.7) | 353 (8.3) | |
| Yes | 1,184 (21.7) | 771 (65.1) | 413 (34.9) | |
| qSOFA criteria | ||||
| Respiratory rate ≥ 22 | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 3,693 (67.6) | 3,347 (90.6) | 346 (9.4) | |
| Yes | 1,767 (32.4) | 1,347 (76.2) | 420 (23.8) | |
| Glasgow | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 4,398 (80.5) | 4,042 (91.9) | 356 (8.1) | |
| Yes | 1,062 (19.5) | 652 (61.4) | 410 (38.6) | |
| SBP ≤ 100 | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 3,785 (69.3) | 3,516 (90.6) | 412 (9.4) | |
| Yes | 1,675 (30.7) | 1,340 (75.5) | 493 (24.5) | |
| qSOFA | <0.0001 | |||
| 0 | 2,452 (44.9) | 2,336 (95.3) | 116 (4.7) | |
| 1 | 1,824 (33.4) | 1,587 (87.0) | 237 (13.0) | |
| 2 | 872 (16.0) | 636 (72.9) | 236 (27.1) | |
| 3 | 312 (5.7) | 135 (43.3) | 177 (56.7) | |
| Organ dysfunctions | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | 2 (1–3) | <0.0001 |
| Number of organ dysfunctions | <0.0001 | |||
| 0 | 2,477 (45.4) | 2,400 (96.9) | 77 (3.1) | |
| 1 | 1,617 (29.6) | 1,413 (87.4) | 204 (12.6) | |
| 2 | 836 (15.3) | 617 (73.8) | 219 (26.2) | |
| 3 | 392 (7.2) | 213 (54.3) | 179 (45.7) | |
| 4 or more | 138 (2.5) | 51 (37.0) | 87 (63.0) | |
| Lactate > 2 mmol/L | 416 (8.1) | 251 (5.7) | 165 (23.0) | <0.0001 |
| qSOFA ≥ 1 or lactate > 2 mmol/L* | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 1,707 (32.1) | 1,641 (95.1) | 66 (3.8) | |
| Yes | 3,612 (67.9) | 2,918 (80.8) | 694 (19.2) | |
| SIRS ≥ 2 + organ dysfunction ≥ 1 | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 3,244 (59.4) | 3,004 (92.6) | 240 (7.4) | |
| Yes | 2,216 (40.6) | 1,690 (76.2) | 526 (23.7) | |
| SOFA score, points | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–3) | 6 (3–10) | <0.0001 |
| SOFA* | <0.0001 | |||
| 0 | 1,689 (32.5) | 1,653 (97.9) | 36 (2.1) | |
| 1 | 911 (17.6) | 872 (95.7) | 39 (4.3) | |
| 2 | 749 (14.4) | 672 (89.7) | 77 (10.3) | |
| 3 | 510 (9.8) | 431 (84.5) | 79 (15.5) | |
| 4 | 374 (7.2) | 298 (79.7) | 76 (20.3) | |
| 5 or more | 956 (18.4) | 508 (53.1) | 448 (46.9) | |
| SOFA ≥ 2* points | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 2,600 (50.1) | 2,525 (97.1) | 75 (2.9) | |
| Yes | 2,589 (49.9) | 1,909 (73.7) | 680 (26.3) | |
| SIRS criteria | 0.001 | |||
| 0 | 94 (1.7) | 77 (81.9) | 17 (18.1) | |
| 1 | 1,248 (22.9) | 1,078 (86.4) | 170 (13.6) | |
| 2 | 2,457 (45.0) | 2,160 (87.9) | 297 (12.1) | |
| 3 | 1,393 (25.5) | 1,181 (84.8) | 212 (15.2) | |
| 4 | 268 (4.9) | 198 (73.9) | 70 (26.1) | |
| SIRS ≥ 2 | 0.366 | |||
| No | 1,342 (24.6) | 1,155 (86.1) | 187 (13.9) | |
| Yes | 4,118 (75.4) | 3,539 (85.9) | 579 (14.0) |
Definition of abbreviations: qSOFA = Quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SIRS = systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
Data are expressed as n (%) or median (interquartile range). Percentages are column percentages when given for the entire population and row percentages when given for the population categorized by hospital outcomes.
*
Lactate is available for 5,319 patients and SOFA score for 5,189. Data are expressed as n (%).