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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 4.
Published in final edited form as: J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2020 Apr;41(3):165–171. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000757

Table 2:

BPFAS and covariate means and standard deviations.

ASD Non-TD HR-TD LR-TD P-value
Total frequency score
 15 months 55.47 (17.0) 59.29 (15.9) 56.32 (13.3) 53.63 (7.6) 0.41
 18 months 59.88 (17.0) 60.55 (16.1) 60.46 (14.9) 55.00 (11.0) 0.20
 24 months 67.24 (13.1) 60.29 (16.3) 61.73 (13.4) 58.53 (12.4) 0.13
 36 months 79.93 (10.7) a 65.76 (18.3) b 62.87 (15.4) b 60.23 (12.7) b <0.001
Food Acceptance factor
 15 months 10.87 (5.0) 10.41 (3.5) 10.12 (3.4) 10.20 (3.2) 0.91
 18 months 11.75 (4.9) 12.05 (4.9) 11.72 (4.3) 11.08 (3.5) 0.78
 24 months 15.41 (4.3) a 10.59 (3.8) b 12.30 (4.0) b 11.36 (3.4) b <0.001
 36 months 17.33 (3.4) a 12.00 (4.5) b 12.30 (4.4) b 11.96 (3.8) b <0.001
Medical/Oral Motor factor
 15 months 15.67 (5.2) 16.94 (4.5) 16.61 (5.0) 15.69 (3.1) 0.62
 18 months 17.38 (5.7) 16.35 (5.0) 16.76 (4.8) 14.87 (3.8) 0.12
 24 months 16.35 (4.3) 15.24 (4.8) 15.98 (4.7) 15.35 (3.8) 0.77
 36 months 16.53 (2.9) 16.38 (5.0) 15.38 (4.2) 14.93 (3.1) 0.32
Mealtime Behavior factor
 15 months 14.33 (5.2) 16.59 (5.3) 15.42 (4.5) 13.86 (3.0) 0.09
 18 months 15.75 (5.3) 17.90 (5.5) 17.24 (5.5) 15.52 (4.1) 0.12
 24 months 19.18 (5.2) 19.29 (7.7) 18.93 (5.5) 18.20 (5.1) 0.84
 36 months 25.80 (5.7) a 21.10 (6.6) b 20.06 (5.9) b 19.80 (5.7) b 0.006
Imitative Sequences (proportion passed)
 15 months 0.27 (0.21) 0.37 (0.27) 0.26 (0.18) 0.32 (0.25) 0.43
 18 months 0.30 (0.19) 0.42 (0.30) 0.38 (0.26) 0.38 (0.29) 0.75
 24 months 0.53 (0.34) 0.36 (0.29) 0.48 (0.35) 0.50 (0.30) 0.60
 36 months 0.64 (0.37) 0.62 (0.46) 0.67 (0.31) 0.71 (0.35) 0.84
Social Gaze to Face (frequency per minute)
 15 months 2.70 (1.80) a 2.76 (1.80) a 3.54 (1.80) a 4.68 (2.40) b <0.001
 18 months 1.74 (0.60) a 2.28 (1.80) ab 2.94 (1.80) bc 3.36 (1.80) c 0.001
 24 months 1.68 (1.20) 2.52 (1.80) 2.40 (1.80) 2.76 (1.20) 0.11
 36 months 1.32 (0.60) a 3.42 (3.00) b 3.36 (1.80) b 4.02 (2.40) b 0.002

Note:

Standard deviations are in parentheses

p-value reported is for group main effect at each age

Groups with different superscripts differ significantly at p<.05

BPFAS = Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale; ASD = autism spectrum disorder; Non-TD = Non-Typical Development; HR-TD = high-risk typically developing; LR-TD = low-risk typically developing