Fig 6.

Long-lasting effects of psychological distress on males: energy reduction in prefrontal cortex (PFC) but significant increase in substantia nigra (SN). Psychological distress induced long-lasting alterations on energy metabolism in the PFC and in the SN. (a) Parameters of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rates (ECARs) in the PFC; (b) and in the SN. The oxygraphs of compiled data obtain per group (n = 5 rats) shown in (a) and (b) are shown on the top for OCRs (left oxygraph) and the ECARs (right oxygraph). The means ± SEM of the bioenergetics parameters that were graphed include: Basal Respiration, Non-mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption, Spare Respiratory Capacity, Maximal Respiration, H+ (Proton) Leak, ATP Production, Basal Glycolysis, Glycolytic Capacity. For each mitochondrial stress assay the following reagents and concentrations were used: 25 μM Oligomycin, 15 μM FCCP, 20 μM Antimycin, 20 μM Rotenone; n = 4–5 per group. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001, two-way ANOVA with Bonferronís multiple comparisons test.