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. 2020 Apr 3;10:5852. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62615-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Summarizing schemes. (a,b) Two mechanisms of voltage-dependent gating. (a) The gating ring model in which the four S4-S5_L (endogenous segments, deep blue, only two are shown) constitute a constriction ring preventing S6 (endogenous segment, light blue) iris-like dilation. (b) Scheme of the ligand/receptor model in which S4-S5_L binds to S6_T to stabilize the channel in the open state. (c) The S4-S5_L peptides (red) mimic the effect of endogenous S4-S5_L described in (b), stabilizing the open conformation. (d) Alternatively, the S4-S5_L peptides (red), interact with endogenous S4-S5_L, destabilizing the gating ring described in (a) and hence lead to channel opening.