Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the clinical non-anemia and anemia groups in patients with AFCA.
| Variables | Overall n = 2627 |
No anemia n = 2375 |
Baseline anemia n = 252 |
pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, (years) | 59 (51, 66) | 58 (51, 66) | 65 (57, 72) | <0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 708 (27.0) | 604 (25.4) | 104 (41.3) | <0.001 |
| BMI, (kg/m2) | 24.8 (23.0, 26.8) | 24.9 (23.2, 26.9) | 23.4 (21.9, 25.6) | <0.001 |
| Duration of AF, (day) | 23 (9, 48) | 24 (9, 50) | 19 (8, 36) | 0.147 |
| Paroxysmal AF, n (%) | 1823 (69.4) | 1629 (68.6) | 194 (77.0) | 0.006 |
| Clinical recurrence, n (%) | 870 (33.1) | 757 (31.9) | 113 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 1608 (61.2) | 1429 (60.2) | 179 (71.0) | |
| Former | 758 (28.9) | 696 (29.3) | 62 (24.6) | |
| Current | 259 (9.9) | 248 (10.5) | 11 (4.4) | |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 0.004 | |||
| Never | 1298 (49.4) | 1152 (48.5) | 146 (57.9) | |
| Former | 533 (20.3) | 482 (20.3) | 51 (20.2) | |
| Current | 795 (30.3) | 740 (31.2) | 55 (21.8) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1204 (45.8) | 1068 (45.0) | 136 (54.0) | 0.008 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 394 (15.0) | 336 (14.2) | 58 (23.0) | <0.001 |
| Prior stroke/TIA, n (%) | 298 (11.3) | 256 (10.8) | 42 (16.7) | 0.009 |
| Vascular disease, n (%) | 302 (11.5) | 253 (10.7) | 49 (19.4) | <0.001 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 1 (0, 3) | 1 (0, 2) | 2 (1, 4) | <0.001 |
| *Anticoagulation, n (%) | 0.001 | |||
| Warfarin | 1359 (51.7) | 1203 (51.3) | 156 (63.2) | |
| NOAC | 1231 (46.9) | 1140 (48.7) | 91 (36.8) | |
| †Anticoagulation, n (%) | 0.007 | |||
| Warfarin | 634 (53.2) | 529 (51.7) | 105 (62.9) | |
| NOAC | 557 (46.8) | 495 (48.3) | 62 (37.1) | |
| Laboratory data, baseline | ||||
| BUN, (mg/dL) | 15.7 (13.0, 18.8) | 15.7 (13.1, 18.7) | 16.9 (12.9, 21.4) | 0.004 |
| Creatinine, (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.0) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.0) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.646 |
| eGFR, (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 84.7 (69.0, 103.8) | 87.1 (71.3, 106.4) | 70.8 (52.6, 89.7) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, (g/dL) | 14.4 (13.4, 15.4) | 14.6 (13.7, 15.6) | 11.8 (11.1, 12.5) | <0.001 |
| RDW, (%) | 12.9 (12.5, 13.4) | 12.9 (12.5, 13.3) | 13.5 (12.9, 14.3) | <0.001 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LA diameter, (mm) | 41 (37, 45) | 41 (37, 45) | 42 (38, 46) | 0.063 |
| LVEF, (%) | 64 (59, 68) | 64 (59, 68) | 63 (59, 69) | 0.874 |
| Mean LA pressure, (mmHg) | 12 (9, 17) | 12 (9, 16) | 14 (9, 19) | 0.007 |
The data are presented as the number (%) and median (interquartile). Non-parametric continuous variables which were evaluated by Kolmogorov-Smimov method, were analysed through a Mann-whitney u test.
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; AFCA, atrial fibrillation catheter ablation; BMI, body mass index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LA, left atrial; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NOAC, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants; RDW, red blood cell distribution widths; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
All patients were analysed regardless of the CHA2DS2-VASc score.
Patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0 and 1 were excluded, n = 1191.