3. Comparison of statistical significance (at 5% two‐sided level) of IPD‐MA and AD‐MA across 190 comparisons (main effect and effect modifier analyses).

		AD‐MA
		Not significant	Significant*	Total
IPD‐MA	Not significant	77 (41)	10 (5)	87 (46)
	Significant*	28 (15)	75 (39)	103 (54)
	Total	105 (55)	85 (45)	190 (100)

Abbreviations: AD: Aggregate data, AD‐MA: Aggregate data meta‐analysis, IPD: Individual participant data, IPD‐MA: Individual participant data meta‐analysis

Table entries are number (%) of comparisons.

*Statistical significance determined using standardised effect estimates for 174 comparisons where effect estimates are Hazard Ratio, Risk Ratio, Odds Ratio, Rate Ratio and Mean Difference (plotted in Figure 4 and Figure 5), and using the data as presented for the remaining 16 comparisons (e.g. a study presented results as a regression coefficient with P value).