Table 2.
Culture results.a
| Patient | Age (y) | Diagnosis | Culture results | Time to culture result (h) | Organisms detected by CFPNGS | Time to CFPNGS result (h) | Change in antibiotic management due to CFPNGS result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | 0.9 | Empyema | Blood culture = Streptococcus pneumoniae; ETT culture = Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis; Respiratory Viral Panel = Human metapneumovirus | 20; 42.8; 3.5 | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 90 | none |
| 10 | 1.5 | Abscess | Respiratory Viral Panel = Coronavirus | 5.5 | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 48.6 | Clindamycin discontinued for ceftriaxone monotherapy |
| 13 | 2.4 | Empyema | ETT culture = MSSA | 26.7 | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 245.3 | Clindamycin discontinued for cefazolin monotherapy |
| 2 | 1 | Empyema | Negative | NA | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 48 | Clindamycin discontinued for ceftriaxone monotherapy |
| 5 | 4.5 | Empyema | Negative | NA | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 103.8 | Ceftaroline narrowed to ceftriaxone |
| 8 | 3.6 | Empyema | Negative | NA | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 113.7 | Ceftaroline narrowed to ceftriaxone |
| 7 | 2 | Empyema | Negative | NA | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 102.7 | none |
| 15 | 2.7 | Pneumonia | Negative | NA | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 60.1 | Cefepime and clindamycin narrowed to ampicillin |
| 14 | 5.1 | Pneumonia | Cultures not obtained | NA | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 69.8 | none |
| 1 | 10.7 | Pneumonia | Sputum culture = Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 24.1 | No organisms detected | 100.3 | none |
| 6 | 6.4 | Abscess | Pulmonary abscess culture = Streptococcus intermedius | 43.4 | Streptococcus intermedius, Aggregatibacter segnis, Epstein–Barr virus | 115.5 | none |
| 12 | 9.1 | Abscess | Respiratory viral panel = Coronavirus | 2 | No organisms detected | 159.7 | none |
| 3 | 10.7 | Pneumonia | Negative | NA | Fusobacterium nucleatum, Epstein–Barr virus, Parvimonas micra | 54.7 | Ceftriaxone discontinued for clindamycin monotherapy |
| 4 | 0.7 | Pneumonia | Negative | NA | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia multivorans, Human adenovirus C | 104.9 | none |
| 9 | 1.1 | Empyema | Negative | Streptococcus pyogenes, Actinomyces graevenitzii, Veillonella dispar, Actinomyces odontolyticus | 54 | none | |
| bacterial dx = 4/15; Viral dx = 3/15 | Avg Cx = 31.4 | bacterial dx = 13/15 | Avg = 98.1 | 47% change in antibiotic management | |||
| Avg RVP = 3.6 | viral dx = 3/15 |
D = diagnostic yield of testing obtained within 72 h of when the CFPNGS was obtained, which identified bacterial infections in 4 of 15 patients and viral infections in 3 of 15 patients as compared to CFPNGS testing which yielded bacterial etiology in 13 of 15 patients and viral infections in 3 of 15 patients. The CFPGNS diagnosis positive patients led to a change of management in 7 of 15 patients (47%).
a
Time for CFPNGS was from when blood was drawn until faxed result was scanned into electronic medical record including laboratory processing, shipping, time at Karius Inc., and time to get result into EMR after result faxed in.