| Angiotensin II/ACE/AT1R axis | Angiotensin (1–7)/ACE2/Mas axis |
|---|---|
| NFκB upregulation | NFκB downregulation |
| Increase in production of ROS | Downregulation of ROS production |
| Increase in secretion of proinflammatory cytokines | Lower proinflammatory cytokine levels |
| Collagen production | Antiproliferative effect |
| Macrophages/neutrophils recruitment | Decrease macrophage tissue recruitment |
| Activation of fibroblasts | Decrease fibroblast activation |
| Fibrosis, apoptosis | Tissue protection |
Abbreviations: ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme2; AT1R, angiotensin II type 1 receptor; NFκB, nuclear factor κB; ROS, reactive oxygen species.