Table 1.
Nucleic acid amplification methods and primer sets used for detection of human bocavirus 1
| Target Gene | Target Locationa | Predicted Size (bp) | Forward Primer | Reverse Primer | Probeb | % Detectedc (Mediand) | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polymerase chain reaction | Conventional | NP1 | 2351–2704 | 353 | GACCTCTGTAAGTCTATTAC | CTCTGTGTTGACTGAATACAG | 0.8–45.2 (5.4) | 11, 14, 20, 24, 28, 29, 34, 38, 39, 40, 47, 48, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 83, 102 | |
| NS1 | 2301–2700 | 399 | CCCAAGAAACGTCGTCTAAC | GTGTTGACTGAATACAGTGT | 2.8–2.9 (2.90) | 62, 63, 76, 103, 104, 105 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 1545–1835 | 290 | TATGGCCAAGGCAATCGTCCAAG | GCCGCGTGAACATGAGAAACAGA | 0.8–11.3 (5.5) | 35, 40, 41, 42, 43, 49, 56, 59, 60, 77, 102 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 4125–4966 | 841 | GTGACCACCAAGTACTTAGAACTGG | GCTCTCTCCTCCCAGTGACAT | 5.1–12.5 (8.8) | 24, 47, 66, 74 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 4370–5189 | 819 | GGACCACAGTCATCAGAC | CCACTACCATCGGGCTG | 3.5–5.5% (4.50) | 42, 43 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 3639–4286 | 647 | TTCAGAATGGTCACCTCTACA | CTGTGCTTCCGTTTTGTCTTA | 6.60 | 65 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 4562–4966 | 404 | GCAAACCCATCACTCTCAATGC | GCTCTCTCCTCCCAGTAGACAT | 1.5–14.2 (7.6) | 14, 24, 47, 66, 74 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 4268–4467 | 199 | AGACAAAACGGAAGCACAGC | TCAAAGCCAGATCCAAATCC | 3.10 | 84 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 4269–4467 | 198 | CAGTGGTACCAGACACCAGAAG | GCCAGTTCTTTGTTGCGTATCT | 5.5–31.3 (14.0) | 25, 84 | |||
| VP1/VP2 | 4270–4467 | 197 | CCAAAAAAGACACTTTTACTTTGCTAACTCA | TGGACGCCAGTTCTTTGTTGCGTATCTTTC | 2.2–2.7 (2.40) | 48 | |||
| Nested | NP1 | 2259–3259 | 1000 | Outer: GAAGACACCGAGCCTGAGAC | Outer: GCTGATTGGGTTGTTCCTGAT | 7.10 | 106 | ||
| 2351–2565 | 214 | Inner: GAGCTCTGTAAGTACTATTAC | Inner: ATATGAGCCCGAGCCTCTCT | ||||||
| Paired Nestede | NP1 | 2318–2709 | 391 | Outer: TAACTGCTCCAGCAAGTCCTCCA | Outer: GGAAGCTCTGTGTTGACTGAAT | 7.4–11.1 (9.3) | 107, 108 | ||
| 2344–2709 | 365 | Inner: CTCACCTGCGAGCTCTGTAAGTA | Inner: GGAAGCTCTGTGTTGACTGAAT | ||||||
| VP1/VP2 | 4085–4988 | 903 | Outer: GCACTTCTGTATCAGATGCCTT | Outer: CGTGGTATGTAGGCCGTGTAG | |||||
| 4139–4988 | 849 | Inner: CTTAGAACTGGTGAGAGCACTG | Inner: CGTTGGTATGTAGGCGTGTAG | ||||||
| NS1 | 1579–1794 | 215 | Outer: TATGGGTGTGTTAATCATTTGAAYA | Outer: GTAGATATCGTGRTTRGTKGATAT | 5.80 | 50 | |||
| 1600–1703 | 103 | Inner: AACAAAGGATTTGTWTTYAATGAYTG | Inner: CCCAAGATACACTTTGCWKGTTCCACCC | ||||||
| NS1 | 2325–2723 | 398 | Outer: CCAGCAAGTCCTCCAAACTCACCTGC | Outer: GGAGCTTCAGGATTGGAAGCTCTGTG | |||||
| 2351–2704 | 353 | Inner: GAGCTCTGTAAGTACTATTAC | Inner: CTCTGTGTTGACTGAATACAG | ||||||
| Real-time | NP1 | 22548–2628, 2570 | AGAGGCTCGGGCTCATATCA | CACTTGGTCTTGAGGTCTTCGAA | AGGAACACCCAATCARCCACCTATCGTCT | 2.9–32.3 (9.1) | 21, 36, 85 | ||
| NP1 | 2509–2605, 2534 | AGGAGCAGGAGCCGCAGCC | CAGTGCAAGACGATAGGTGGC | ATGAGCCCGAGCCTCTCTCCCCACTGTGTC | g | 22 | |||
| NP1 | 2397–2592, 2533 | CCACGTGACGAAGATGAGCTC | TAGGTGGCTGATTGGGTGTTC | CCGAGCCTCTCTCCCCACTGTGTCG | 11.9 | 78 | |||
| NP1 | 2405–2586, 2506 | CGAAGAATGAGCTCAGGGAAT | GCTGATTGGGTGTTCCTGAT | CACAGGAGCAGGAGCCGCAG | 9.0–11.3 (10.7) | 17, 51, 67, 86 | |||
| NP1 | 2427–2580, 2504 | GAAAGACAAGCATCGCTCC | TGGGTGTTCCTGATGATATG | CGCGCTGGAGCAGGAGCCGCAGCCCGATAGCGCG | 2.9 | 87 | |||
| NP1 | 2351–2704, 2480 | GAGCTCTGTAAGTACTATTAC | CTCTGTGTTGACTGAATACAG | GGAAGAGACATGGCAGACAAC | 12.8 | 79 | |||
| NP1 | 2391–2466, 2411 | GCACAGCCACGTGGCAGACAA | TGGACTCCCTTTTCTTTTGTAGGA | TGAGCTCAGGGAATATGAAAGACAAGCATCGTMR | 4.6 | 44 | |||
| NP1 | 2480–2579, 2504 | GGAAGAGACACTGGCAGACAA | GGGTGTTCCTGATGATATGAGC | CTGCGGCTCCTGCTCCTGTGAT | 2.4–18.9 (5.3) | 15, 26, 30, 88 | |||
| NP1 | 2424–2636, 2559 | TATGAAAGACAAGCATCGCTCCTA | GTCTTCATCACTTGGTCTGAGGTCT | CTCATATCATCAGGAACAC | 8.2 | 37 | |||
| NP1 | 2554–2628, 2577 | TCGGGCTCATATCATCAGGAA | CACTTGGTCTGAGGTCTTCGAA | CCCAATCAGCCACCTATCGTCTTGC | 19.3 | 83 | |||
| NP1 | 2488–2566, 2512 | CACTGGCAGACAACTCATCACA | GATATGAGCCCGAGCCTCTCT | AGCAGGAGCCGCAGCCCGA | 4.5 | 89 | |||
| NP1 | 1617–1710, 1667 | TAATGACTGCAGACAACGCCTAG | TGTCCCGCCCAAGATACACT | TTCCACCCAATCCTGGT | g | 90 | |||
| NP1 | 1637–1711, 1668 | TAGTTGTTTGGTGGGARGA | CTGTCCCGCCCAAGATACA | CCAGGATTGGGTGGAACCTGCAAA | 9.1 | 54 | |||
| NP1 | 1624–1711, 1668 | TGCAGACAACGCYTAGTTGTTT | CTGTCCCGCCCAAGATACA | CCAGGATTGGGTGGAACCTGCAAA | 2.9–32.3 (3.5) | 36, 42, 85 | |||
| NASBAf | NP1 | 2567–2424, 2456 | AATTCTAATACGACTRCACTATAGGGGCTGATTGGGTGTTCCTGAT | AATTCTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCGAAGATGAGCTCAGGGAAT | CGATCGAGTCCAGAAAGAGGGGAGAGCGATCG | 0 | 94 |
Estimated location based on GenBank isolate EU262978.1, probe location added when applicable.
Added when applicable.
Range of percent detected in cited studies.
Median of percent detected in cited studies when applicable.
In cited studies, a sample positive for HBoV-1 required amplification from both sets of nested PCR primers.
Nucleic acid sequence based amplification.
Case reports.