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. 2019 Oct 4;35(3):575–592. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2019.07.003

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© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 2 — Diagram of the inflammatory response. ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LIF, leukemia inhibitory factor; OSM, outer surface membrane; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

(From R. Goldsby, T. Kindt, B. Osborne, J. Kuby. Immunology, 5^th Edition. W. H. Freeman; 2002; with permission.)