Fig. 6.

Microfluidic platforms for the diagnostic of dengue and tuberculosis. (A) Top: dengue virus-bound magnetic beads in the sample loading/mixing chamber are used to identify dengue patients' samples containing IgG and IgM. Magnetic coils are then turned on to collect the IgG/M-bound magnetic beads followed by purification and subsequent fluorescent readouts at the detection chambers loaded with antibodies. Bottom: design of micro-mixer for efficient mixing of magnetic beads and biological samples. Reprinted with permission from Lee et al. (2009). (B) Design of a stacking lateral flow paper microfluidic assay for dengue diagnostic. Saliva from patients are filtered through a paper layer made of fiber glass to remove proteinaceous substances. A detection sensitivity of 20 ng/mL of α-fetoprotein in the saliva serum is achieved. A control line is also present in the device as a positive control. Reprinted with permission from (Zhang et al., 2015). (C) A fully integrated thermoplastic microfluidic device for detection of DNA of M. tuberculosis and drug resistance with fluidic path controlled by electrically actuated solenoid. Steps such as cell lysis, DNA isolation and PCR can be performed fully on the microfluidic chip. Micro-pillars are also employed to enhance the density of adsorbed DNA for colorimetric detection. Reprinted with permission from Wang et al. (2012a).