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. 2020 Mar 30;13:2613–2627. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S241717

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© 2020 Shi et al.

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PCK1 suppresses the Warburg effect and tumor progression via LDHA.

Notes: (A–G) Caki-1 cells with stable expression of PCK1 (or empty vector as a control) were infected with lentiviruses carrying shRNA against LDHA (shLDHA) or negative control shRNA (shcon). (A) Protein levels of LDHA were analyzed by Western blotting, and β-tubulin was used as a loading control. The bars represent the means±SEM (n=3). (B–G) Metabolic phenotypes related to the Warburg effect, including LDH activity, NAD⁺/NADH ratio, glucose uptake, lactate production, extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and oxygen consumption rate (OCR), were determined. The bars represent the means±SEM (n=3). (H–K) Then, the cell proliferation assay (H), soft agar colony formation assay (I), wound healing assay (J) and invasion assay (K) were analyzed. The bars represent the means±SEM (n=3). (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, Student’s t-test).