Table 1.
Summary of laboratory testing performed in pneumonia cases, ILI cases and healthy recruits.
| Pathogen (identification method) | Specimen tested | ILI and Pneumonia cases (n = 34)a | Healthy recruits (n = 562)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Streptococcus pneumoniae (culture) | Respiratory secretion/blood | 5/14b | –/– |
| Oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs | –/– | 55/124 | |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae (PCR) | Pharyngeal swabs | 1/4 | 0/14 |
| M. pneumoniae (serology) | Serum | 1/16 | 0/4 |
| Legionella pneumophila type 1 (urine antigen) | Urine | 0/8 | 0/14 |
| L. pneumophila (serology) | Serum | 0/14 | 0/4 |
| RSV, influenza A and B, parainfluenza, adenovirus (IFA) | Nasal swabs/sputum | 0/15 | 0/14 |
| Human Metapneumovirus (PCR) | Nasal swabs | 0/4 | 1/14 |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae (PCR) | Nasal swabs | 0/9 | 0/14 |
| C. pneumoniae (serology) | Serum | 2/12 | – |
| Q fever (serology) | Serum | 0/7 | – |
| Streptococcus pyogenes (culture) | Pharyngeal swabs | 1/15 | 2/124 |
a
No. positive/no. tested.
b
Two patients with positive blood cultures, two with positive respiratory secretion cultures and one partially treated patient with gram-positive diplococci in sputum gram staining—all among the 15 pneumonia cases.