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. 2016 Sep 15;97:63–119. doi: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2016.08.001

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Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Particle associated viruses: Transmission electron microscopy images of MS2 (left panels) and T4 bacteriophage (right panels). (A and B) Phage free in suspension; (C and D) phage associated with kaolin clay particles; (E and F) phage associated with humic acid flocs; (G) MS associated with a bacterial flagellum; (H) T4 associated with a sludge particle. Arrows indicate the bacteriophage.

Reproduced from Templeton, M. R., Andrews, R. C., & Hofmann, R. (2005). Inactivation of particle-associated viral surrogates by ultraviolet light. Water Research, 39, 3487–3500.