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. 2019 Oct 31;539:121–128. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.10.016

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© 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 1 — VEEV replicates efficiently in primary astrocytes. A) Cells were infected with the attenuated strain of VEEV (VEEVTC-83) at multiple MOIs (0.1, 1, and 5). Viral replication was analyzed at 3, 6, 9, 18, 24, and 48hpi via plaque assays. B) Cell viability was determined at 9, 24 and 48hpi using Cell Titer Glo. Mock-infected cells for each timepoint were included as controls and percent viability for mock-infected cells was set to 100%. Data are expressed as the Mean ± SD (n = 3).