Table 2.
Triterpenoids isolated from Betula species.
| Name | Specie from which isolated | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ocotillol series | |||
| 1 | 12-O-acetylbetulafolienetetraol oxide | Betula dahurica | Fuchino et al. (1998b) |
| 2 | 20(S),24(R)-epoxydammaran-3β | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 3 | 11α,25-triol, 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside of 2 | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 4 | 2′-acetate of 3 | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 5 | 11,2′-diacetate of 3 | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 6 | 12β-acetoxy-20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3α,17 α,25-trihydroxydammarane | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 7 | 20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3α,17 α,25-trihydroxydammarane | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) and Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 8 | 3-epi-ocotillol II | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 9 | 12β-acetoxy-20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3α, 25-dihydroxydammarane | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 10 | 12β-acetoxy-20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3α,17 α,25-trihydroxydammarane 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (=betulamaximoside A) | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 11 | 12β-acetoxy-20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3α,17 α,25-trihydroxydammarane 3-O-β-d-(6-O-acetyl)-glucopyranoside (=betulamaximoside B) | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 12 | 12-O-acetyl-20,24-epoxy-3α,12β,20(S),24(R),25-pentahydroxydammar-3-yl hydrogen propanedioate (=papyriferic acid) | Betula neoalaskana | McLean et al. (2009), Tegelberg et al. (2002), Fuchino et al. (1996a), and Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| Betula pendula | |||
| Betula pendula | |||
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| 13 | Deacetylpapyriferic acid | Betula pendula | Tegelberg et al. (2002) |
| 14 | Ocotillol II 3-O-caffeate | Betula platyphylla | Fuchino et al. (1996a) |
| 15 | 3-O-methylmalonyl-3α,17α,25-trihydroxy-20(S),24(R)-epoxydammarane | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 16 | 12β-acetoxyl-ocotillone | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 17 | Ocotillol | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 18 | 3-O-ethylmalonylepiocotillol II | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 19 | 3-O-butylmalonylepiocotillol II | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 20 | Ethyl papyriferate | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 21 | Butyl papyriferate | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| Dammarane series | |||
| Type I | |||
| 22 | Dammar-24-en-3β,11α,20(S)-triol | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 23 | 3-O-β-d-2-O-acetylglucopyranoside of 22 | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 24 | Dammarendiol II 3-caffeate | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 25 | 12-O-acetylbetulafolienetetraol | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 26 | Betulafolienetetraol | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 27 | Dammarenediol II 3-O-caffeate | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 28 | 12-O-acetylbetulafolienetriol | Betula platyphylla | Fuchino et al. (1996a) |
| 29 | 12-O-acetyl-3-O-malonylbetulafolienetriol | Betula platyphylla | Fuchino et al. (1996a) |
| 30 | 12-O-acetylbetulafolienediolone | Betula platyphylla | Fuchino et al. (1996a) |
| 31 | Dammarenediol II 3-O-p-coumarate | Betula platyphylla | Fuchino et al. (1996a) |
| 32 | Dammarenediol II 3-O-caffeate | Betula platyphylla | Fuchino et al. (1996a) |
| 33 | 12-O-acetyl-3α,12β,17α,20(S)-tetrahydroxydammar-24-en-3-yl hydrogen propanedioate | Betula pendula | Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| Type II | |||
| 34 | Dammar-24-ene-3β, 20(S),26-triol 3-O-caffeate | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 35 | Dammar-24-ene-3β, 20(S),26-triol 3-O-p-coumarate | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| Type III | |||
| 36 | 20(S)-hydroxy-25-methoxy-dammar-23-en-3-one | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 37 | 3α,20(S)-dihydroxy-25-methoxy-dammar-23-ene | Betula platyphylla | Xiong et al. (2011) |
| 38 | 12-O-acetyl-3α,12β,20(S),25-tetrahydroxydammar-23(E)-en-3-yl hydrogen propanedioate | Betula pendula | Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| 39 | 12-O-acetyl-3α,12β,17α,20(S),25-pentahydroxydammar-23(E)-en-3-yl hydrogen propanedioate | Betula pendula | Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| Type IV | |||
| 40 | 12-O-acetyl-3 α,12 β,20(S),24(R)-tetrahydroxydammar-25-en-3-yl hydrogen propanedioate | Betula pendula | Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| 41 | 12-O-acetyl-3 α,12 β,20(S),24(S)-tetrahydroxydammar-25-en-3-yl hydrogen propanedionate | Betula pendula | Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| 42 | 12-O-acetyl-3 α,12 β,17 α,20(S),24(R)-pentahydroxydammar-25-en-3-yl hydrogen propanedioate | Betula pendula | Hilpisch et al. (1997) |
| Oleanane series | |||
| 43 | Oleanolic acid | Betula dahurica | Kovac-Besović et al. (2009), Yin et al. (2012), Fuchino et al., 1995, Fuchino et al., 1996a, Fuchino et al., 1998a, Fuchino et al., 1998b, and Khan et al. (2012) |
| Betula ermanii | |||
| Betula pendula | |||
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| Betula schmidtii | |||
| Betula utilis | |||
| 44 | Oleanolic acid 3-O-caffeate | Betula dahurica | Fuchino et al., 1995, Fuchino et al., 1996b, Fuchino et al., 1998a, Fuchino et al., 1998b |
| Betula ermanii | |||
| Betula maximowicziana | |||
| Betula schmidtii | |||
| 45 | Acetyl-oleanolic acid | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al., 1996a, Fuchino et al., 1996b and Khan et al. (2012) |
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| Betula utilis | |||
| 46 | Karachic acid | Betula utilis | Khan (1975) |
| 47 | Betuloleanolic acid acetate | Betula pendula | Mukhtar et al. (2003) |
| Lupane series | |||
| 48 | Betulin | Betula dahurica | Fuchino et al., 1995, Fuchino et al., 1996a, Fuchino et al., 1996b, Fuchino et al., 1998a, Fuchino et al., 1998b, Fuchino et al., 1998c, Kovac-Besović et al. (2009), Yin et al. (2012), Khan et al. (2012), and Prince et al. (2010) |
| Betula ermanii | |||
| Betula maximowicziana | |||
| Betula ovalifolia | |||
| Betula pendula | |||
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| Betula schmidtii | |||
| Betula utilis | |||
| 49 | Betulin 3-caffeate | Betula dahurica | Fuchino et al., 1995, Fuchino et al., 1996a, Fuchino et al., 1996b, Fuchino et al., 1998b, Fuchino et al., 1998c |
| Betula ermanii | |||
| Betula maximowicziana | |||
| Betula ovalifolia | |||
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| 50 | Monogynol A | Betula dahurica | Fuchino et al., 1995, Fuchino et al., 1996b, Fuchino et al., 1998b |
| Betula ermanii | |||
| Betula maximowicziana | |||
| 51 | Lupeol | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al., 1995, Fuchino et al., 1996a, Fuchino et al., 1996b, Fuchino et al., 1998a, Kovac-Besović et al. (2009), and Khan et al. (2012) |
| Betula maximowicziana | |||
| Betula pendula | |||
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| Betula schmidtii | |||
| Betula utilis | |||
| 52 | Lupeol caffeate | Betula ermanii | Fuchino et al. (1995) |
| 53 | Lupane-3β,20,28-triol 3-O-caffeate | Betula maximowicziana | Fuchino et al. (1996b) |
| 54 | Betulinic acid | Betula pendula | Kovac-Besović et al. (2009), Fuchino et al. (1996a), and Prince et al. (2010) |
| Betula platyphylla | |||
| Betula utilis | |||
| 55 | Betulone | Betula schmidtii | Fuchino et al. (1998a) |
| 56 | Betulonic acid | Betula schmidtii | Fuchino et al. (1998a) |
| Fernane series | |||
| 57 | Betufernanediol A | Betula pendula | Mukhtar et al. (2003) |
| 58 | Betufernanediol B | Betula pendula | Mukhtar et al. (2003) |