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HGF induces GSK3 inhibition through PI3K–Akt-dependent phosphorylation in endothelial cells. (a) HUVEC cells were pretreated with HGF (100 ng/ml) for 30 min, and/or then stimulated with TNF-α (0.1 ng/ml) for different intervals before cell lysates were harvested for immunoblot analysis of different molecules. (b) Pretreatment for 30 min with wortmannin (50 nM) diminished HGF activation of PI3K–Akt–GSK3 pathway assessed by phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3.
