Table II.

Assessment of microtubular abnormalities and ciliary orientation by transmission electron microscopy. Results displayed are for ultrastructural defect and expressed as the mean percentage (95% CIs)

Ultrastructural defect	Total microtubular defects (%)	Disarranged microtubules (%)	Extraperipheral microtubules (%)	Central microtubule defects (%)	Ciliary orientation (°)
Inner and outer dynein arm defect	3.4 (2.9-4.0)	0.8 (0.5-1.0)	0.8 (0.5-1.2)	1.8 (1.4-2.3)	21.6 (20.6-22.5)
Outer dynein arm defect	2.9 (1.9-4.1)	0.9 (0.4-1.5)	1.2 (0.3-2.2)	0.8 (0.5-1.2)	13.6 (12.7-14.5)
Inner dynein arm defect	5.7 (3.6-7.8)	2.4 (0.9-4.0)	0.4 (0.0-0.8)	2.9 (1.8-4.1)	17.8 (15.3-20.4)
Radial spoke defect	26.4 (23.7-29.1)	25.2 (22.5-27.9)	0.0 (0.0-0.0)	1.2 (0.6-1.8)	21.9 (20.1-23.8)
Transposition defect	22.8 (14.3-31.3)	7.8 (4.0-11.5)	0.8 (0.0-1.6)	14.2 (6.8-21.6)	21.1 (19.6-22.5)