Table 2.

Risk factors for drug-resistant pneumonia pathogens

Drug-Resistant Pathogen	Risk Factors
Drug-resistant streptococcus	Age >65 Beta-lactam or macrolide therapy within 3 mo Immunosuppression Alcoholism Daycare centers Medical comorbidities
Enteric gram negative	Residence in a nursing home Recent hospitalization Recent antibiotics Cardiopulmonary disease Smoking Underlying malignancy
MRSA	Age >74 y Dialysis Prior MRSA infection Prior hospitalization Recent nursing home stay Medical comorbidities
Pseudomonas	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Immunosuppression Recent steroid exposure Hemiplegia Recent antibiotics against gram positive organisms Recent hospitalization

Abbreviation: MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.