. 2020 Jan 10;261:114392. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114392

Table 3.

Production of reactive oxygen (H₂O₂) and nitrogen monoxide (NO) intermediates by neutrophils and monocytes of adult and elderly dogs before and after consumption of experimental diets on days 1, 14, and 28.

Item	Treatment¹						Mean	SEM²	P-value
	Adult			Elderly					P-value
	T0	T400	T800	T0	T400	T800			Diet	Age	Time	Diet x Age	Time x Diet	Time x Age	Time x Age x Diet
Production of H₂O₂ by neutrophils, nanomoles of H₂O₂ per 3 × 10⁵ cells
OC³
Day 1	2.01	2.08	2.85	1.73	2.39	2.31	2.23^b	0.293	0.919	0.231	0.028	0.710	0.756	0.143	0.387
Day 28	2.58	3.52	2.29	5.12	3.23	4.86	3.60ª	0.293	0.919	0.231	0.028	0.710	0.756	0.143	0.387
LPS⁴
Day 1	2.17	3.28	2.47	2.35	3.48	2.73	2.75^b	0.243	0.093	0.443	0.040	0.455	0.941	0.286	0.436
Day 28	3.34	5.67	3.47	2.89	3.32	3.96	3.78^a	0.243	0.093	0.443	0.040	0.455	0.941	0.286	0.436
PMA⁵
Day 1	3.02	2.15	2.63	2.47	4.22	2.60	2.85^b	0.300	0.423	0.319	<0.001	0.067	0.090	0.904	0.959
Day 28	5.43	3.04	5.99	5.19	4.56	5.35	4.93^a	0.300	0.423	0.319	<0.001	0.067	0.090	0.904	0.959
LPS⁴ + PMA⁵
Day 1	4.10	3.11	3.86	2.88	4.67	4.06	3.78^b	0.271	0.474	0.671	<0.001	0.348	0.337	0.355	0.187
Day 28	5.50	4.83	6.00	5.39	4.37	5.15	5.21^a	0.271	0.474	0.671	<0.001	0.348	0.337	0.355	0.187
Production of H₂O₂ by monocytes, nanomoles of H₂O₂ per 3 × 10⁵ cells
OC³
Day 1	4.41	2.97	3.56	4.01	5.22	5.50	4.28	0.391	0.905	0.599	0.965	0.496	0.744	0.411	0.185
Day 28	3.56	6.35	2.93	4.50	3.15	4.47	4.16	0.391	0.905	0.599	0.965	0.496	0.744	0.411	0.185
LPS⁴
Day 1	4.65	4.24	3.25	4.8	3.27	3.15	3.89	0.352	0.810	0.792	0.793	0.709	0.653	0.911	0.910
Day 28	4.00	4.87	3.63	3.83	3.60	4.70	4.10	0.352	0.810	0.792	0.793	0.709	0.653	0.911	0.910
PMA⁵
Day 1	9.20	8.77	9.94	9.13	11.62	6.27	9.16	0.674	0.408	0.247	0.415	0.246	0.868	0.384	0.611
Day 28	11.22	11.00	10.76	9.69	9.55	7.61	9.97	0.674	0.408	0.247	0.415	0.246	0.868	0.384	0.611
LPS⁴ + PMA⁵
Day 1	8.19	7.26	8.05	5.68	7.65	5.75	7.10	0.562	0.478	0.299	0.222	0.735	0.720	0.655	0.797
Day 28	8.55	9.59	7.7	8.52	9.22	6.32	8.32	0.562	0.478	0.299	0.222	0.735	0.720	0.655	0.797
Production of NO by neutrophils, nanomoles of NO per 3 × 10⁵ cells
OC³
Day 1	6.48	6.57	3.66	5.26	5.33	6.25	5.59	0.361	0.777	0.573	0.083	0.448	0.656	0.573	0.671
Day 28	4.17	3.35	3.51	5.27	3.64	4.99	4.16	0.361	0.777	0.573	0.083	0.448	0.656	0.573	0.671
LPS⁴
Day 1	5.74	4.63	6.22	4.52	4.80	6.11	5.34^a	0.414	0.829	0.935	0.031	0.886	0.784	0.743	0.802
Day 28	3.11	3.71	2.54	3.52	2.76	3.79	3.24^b	0.414	0.829	0.935	0.031	0.886	0.784	0.743	0.802
Production of NO by monocytes, nanomoles of NO per 3 × 10⁵ cells
OC³
Day 1	8.28	4.07	11.62	17.30	9.26	4.80	9.22	1.301	0.627	0.774	0.822	0.848	0.606	0.694	0.297
Day 28	12.56	11.83	5.65	8.54	8.98	7.71	9.21	1.301	0.627	0.774	0.822	0.848	0.606	0.694	0.297
LPS⁴
Day 1	7.60	3.26	6.66	13.25	7.55	7.25	7.60	0.632	0.158	0.257	0.084	0.767	0.386	0.156	0.671
Day 28	5.96	3.95	6.34	4.88	4.02	6.08	5.21	0.632	0.158	0.257	0.084	0.767	0.386	0.156	0.671

^{A, B} - The averages followed by different letters in the columns differ from each other, as determined by Student’s t-test (P ≤ 0.05).

T0 – control, with no addition of mannoprotein [six adult (three males and three females) and six elderly dogs (three males and three females)]; T400 – addition of 400 mg/kg mannoproteins [six adult (three males and three females) and six elderly dogs (three males and three females)]; T800 - addition of 800 mg/kg mannoproteins [six adult (three males and three females) and six elderly dogs (three males and three females)].

Standard error of the mean.

OC – Only cells.

⁴

LPS – Lipopolysaccharide.

⁵

PMA – Phorbol myristate acetate.