Table 3.
Interaction of Medications of Interest With DPP4is to Predict Outcomes After Adding It to the Final Modela
| Medication | Interaction with DPP4is in the final model (adjustedb) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESRD |
Mortality |
hHFc |
||||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Metformin | 0.77 (0.57-1.03) | .08 | 0.74 (0.50-1.10) | .14 | 0.81 (0.61-1.07) | .13 |
| Sulfonylurea | 0.95 (0.71-1.27) | .73 | 0.71 (0.47-1.07) | .10 | 1.13 (0.83-1.53) | .45 |
| Thiazolidinedione | 0.77 (0.51-1.17) | .23 | 1.11 (0.65-1.91) | .69 | 1.10 (0.76-1.59) | .62 |
| Insulin | 1.14 (0.86-1.52) | .36 | 1.80 (1.20-2.69) | .004 | 1.82 (1.37-2.42) | <.001 |
| Meglitinide | 1.14 (0.83-1.55) | .43 | 1.77 (1.14-2.75) | .01 | 1.28 (0.93-1.76) | .14 |
| α-Glucosidase inhibitor | 0.79 (0.55-1.13) | .20 | 1.33 (0.81-2.16) | .26 | 1.44 (1.03-2.01) | .03 |
a
DPP4i = dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; ESRD = end-stage renal disease; hHF = hospitalized heart failure; HR = hazard ratio.
b
After adjustment for age, sex, chronic kidney disease, advanced chronic kidney disease, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker use.
c
Hospitalization for a primary diagnosis of heart failure.