Table II.
Comparison of clinical presentation and laboratory findings in children with HMPV, RSV, HMPVco, adenovirus, influenza A virus, and parainfluenza virus infection
| Characteristic | HMPV (n = 84) | RSV (n = 299) | HMPVco (n = 24) | Adenovirus (n = 44) | Influenza A (n = 40) | Parainfluenza I-III (n = 37) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upper respiratory infection | 64.8% (46/71) | 71.3% (186/261) | 77.3% (17/22) | 68.3% (28/41) | 78.4% (29/37) | 80.0% (28/35) | NS |
| Conjunctivitis | 10.4% (7/67) | 7.4% (16/215) | 8.7% (2/23) | 9.8% (4/41) | 8.8% (3/34) | 16.1% (5/31) | NS |
| Cough | 91.6% (76/83) | 95.2% (278/292) | 100% (24/24) | 88.6% (39/44) | 95.0% (38/40) | 94.4% (34/36) | NS |
| Acute otitis media | 49.2% (29/59) | 37.4% (79/211) | 57.9% (11/19) | 48.6% (18/37) | 43.3% (13/30) | 53.8% (14/26) | NS |
| Prolonged expirium | 33.3% (12/36) | 30.8% (64/208) | 38.5% (5/13) | 19.2% (5/26) | 38.9% (7/18) | 31.6% (6/19) | NS |
| Wheezing | 47.5% (19/40) | 23.2% (48/207) | 41.7% (5/12) | 19.2% (5/26) | 36.8% (7/19) | 31.6% (6/19) | HMPV vs RSV, .001∗; vs adenovirus, .026∗ |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms (overall) | 56.3% (40/71) | 31.2% (74/237) | 66.7% (16/24) | 58.1% (25/43) | 50.0% (18/36) | 48.5% (16/33) | HMPV vs RSV, < .001∗; HMPVco vs RSV, < .001 |
| Abdominal pain | 19.4% (12/62) | 7.3% (14/193) | 15.8% (3/19) | 10.0% (4/40) | 8.6% (3/35) | 3.6% (1/28) | HMPV vs RSV, .039∗ |
| Vomiting | 44.3% (31/70) | 25.5% (59/231) | 52.2% (12/23) | 48.8% (21/43) | 41.7% (15/36) | 45.5% (15/33) | HMPV vs RSV, .005∗; HMPVco vs RSV, .007 |
| Diarrhea | 11.8% (8/68) | 7.7% (17/221) | 22.7.% (5/22) | 14.3% (6/42) | 16.7% (6/36) | 3.2% (1/31) | HMPVco vs RSV, .036 |
| Mean respiratory rate, m/minute | 67.4 ± 105.4 (n = 82) | 74.9 ± 110.0 (n = 293) | 92.2 ± 193.9 (n = 24) | 120.4 ± 244.0 (n = 43) | 52.5 ± 16.2 (n = 39) | 109.1 ± 216.2 (n = 37) | NS∗ |
| Mean oxygen saturation, % | 92.1 ± 5.6 | 91.8 ± 4.5 | 91.8 ± 4.8 | 93.9 ± 3.7 | 92.1 ± 4.1 | 93.2 ± 4.2 | NS∗ |
| Percent hospitalized | 76.2% | 93.3% | 66.7% | 70.5% | 85.0% | 83.8% | HMPV vs RSV, .005∗ |
| Mean duration of hospitalization, days | 6.9 ± 5.7 | 7.3 ± 4.8 | 6.3 ± 4.5 | 5.8 ± 3.3 | 5.9 ± 3.5 | 6.4 ± 4.3 | NS∗ |
| Mean maximal temperature, °C | 38.9 ± 1.1 (n = 84) | 38.7 ± 1.1 (n = 295) | 39.2 ± 0.9 (n = 24) | 39.4 ± 0.9 (n = 43) | 39.1 ± 0.9 (n = 40) | 38.8 ± 1.3 (n = 36) | Adenovirus vs RSV, HMPV, and parainfluenza, < .05∗; vs influenza A .08∗ |
| Mean CRP concentration, mg/L | 39 ± 71 (n = 22) | 65 ± 96 (n = 62) | 27 ± 36 (n = 7) | 146 ± 150(n = 12) | 26 ± 25 (n = 12) | 66 ± 59 (n = 11) | Adenovirus vs HMPV, .021∗ |
| Mean WBC count, cells/μL | 14.5 ± 6.9 (n = 83) | 14.6 ± 6.4 (n = 289) | 16.6 ± 6.4 (n = 24) | 20.6 ± 11.2 (n = 44) | 12.6 ± 5.4 (n = 40) | 14.6 ± 6.9 (n = 37) | Adenovirus vs RSV, HMPV, influenza A, and parainfluenza, < .05∗ |
| Mean neutrophil count, cells/μL | 8.9 ± 5.9 (n = 80) | 8.2 ± 5.2 (n = 285) | 10.3 ± 6.0 (n = 23) | 13.2 ± 8.4 (n = 44) | 7.4 ± 4.5 (n = 40) | 8.4 ± 4.5 (n = 37) | Adenovirus vs RSV, HMPV, influenza A, and parainfluenza, < .05∗ |
NS, not significant.
Significant differences are highlighted in bold.
∗
Adjusted for age