Fig. 4.

GL interaction with virus replication cycle. Different treatment protocols using GL (1 mM) were applied to synchronized Hfl-1 cells infected with IAV (MOI 0.05). Treatment protocols are depicted in (A), cell viability at 40 h post-infection (B), viral RNA in the cell supernatant (C, 24 and 40 h; D, 24 h) were determined. Cell viabilities and viral RNA in cell supernatants were compared to untreated. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ^aone value was excluded due to an operational error.