Table 3.

Acceptance or exclusion of donor organs based on infectious disease testing²³

Evidence of	Action
Active tuberculosis	Exclude from donation
Active systemic fungal infections
Active rabies
Active lymphocytic choriomeningitis
West Nile virus or other encephalitis
Antibody to human immunodeficiency virus
Antibody to HTLV I/II	Generally exclude from donation except in life-threatening situations and with the recipient’s informed consent
Hepatitis B surface antigen	Generally exclude from donation except in life-threatening situations, with recipient prophylaxis and with the recipient's informed consent
(Hepatitis B surface antigen positive or Hepatitis B core antibody IgM positive)
Antibody to hepatitis C virus	Use only for recipient with antibody to HCV or for a severely ill recipient and with recipient’s informed consent
Antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV): base prophylaxis on recipient’s CMV serostatus	Generally safe
Antibody to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): Monitor EBV polymerase chain reaction if recipient is EBV seronegative
Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) positive
Rapid plasma reagin positive: Recipient should receive prophylaxis with penicillin
Toxoplasma antibody positive: Seronegative heart transplant recipients should receive prophylaxis with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim; Septra); if recipient is allergic to sulfa, pyrimethamine (Daraprim) is used