Table 2.
The inhibitory activity of apigenin against numerous species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as determined by various research groups between 1980 and 2000
| Staphylococcus aureus | MRSA | Staphylococcus albus | Staphylococcus epidermidis | Enterococcus faecalis | Bacillus subtilis | Micrococcus luteus | Escherichia coli | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Proteus vulgaris | Proteus mirabilis | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Salmonella typhimurium | Enterobacter aerogenes | Enterobacter cloacae | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khanna et al. (DD) [65] | + | + | − | |||||||||||||
| Miski et al. (DD) [96] | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||||||||||
| Palacios et al. (DD) [66] | − | + | + | |||||||||||||
| Oksuz et al. (DD) [67] | − | − | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||||
| Oksuz et al. (BMAD) [67] | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||||||
| Ohemeng et al. (BMID) [68] | − | + | − | − | − | |||||||||||
| Bashir et al. (NS) [69], [133] | + | + | + | + | ||||||||||||
| Aljancic et al. (AWD) [70] | − | + | + | |||||||||||||
| Basile et al. (BMAD) [71], [72] | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
| Sato et al. (AD) [73] | + | + |
DD, disk diffusion assay; BMAD, broth macrodilution assay; BMID, broth microdilution assay; NS, assay type not stated in report; AWD, agar well diffusion assay; AD, agar dilution assay; +, antibacterial activity detected; −, no antibacterial activity detected.