| Solid dispersion |
-
✓
reduced particle size, improved wettability and dispersibility by hydrophilic polymeric carriers
faced with storage instability, recrystallization tendency and poor scale-up for manufacturing |
Leuner et al., 2000; Vasconcelos et al., 2007; |
| Nanoencapsulation |
-
✓
simple and inexpensive technology, Small size and higher interface area, controlled release of encapsulated material
Poor scalability, poor stability against aggregation and use of organic solvents. |
Frank et al., 2015; Vincekovic et al., 2017 |
| Microemulsion |
-
✓
Thermodynamic and colloidal stability, high encapsulation efficiency, eases of manufacturing.
Rapid release, limited permeable capacity, high amount of surfactants or surface active agents |
Lawrence et al., 2012; Solanki et al., 2012
|
| Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes |
-
✓
Controlled release, Increased solubility, dissolution rates, and improved physicochemical properties
Not stable in the presence of competitive compounds and in polar solvent, potential for disruption, lower apparent permeability |
Liu, Ma, et al., 2012; Suvarna et al., 2017; |
| Co-crystallization |
-
✓
Improve d physical and pharmacological activities
|
Wang, Tong, et al., 2016; Dalpiaz et al., 2017
|
| Phospholipid complexes |
-
✓
Carriers for both lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules
Low stability at acidic pH, High cost of raw materials |
Khan, Alexander, AjazuddinSaraf, & Saraf, 2013; Bei et al., 2014; |
| Chemical acylation |
-
✓
Improved lipid solubility and radical scavenging abilities
unsatisfactory yields, low regioselectivities, harsh reaction conditions, time consuming and arduous purification processes |
Li et al., 2005;
Guo et al. (2013)
|
| Enzymatic acylation |
-
✓
Improved lipid solubility, excellent regioselectivities, wide substrate specificity, green process, and mild reaction conditions
Problem with stability, reusability, and catalytic performances of enzyme |
Li et al., 2015; Cao et al., 2017
|
