Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of the variables used in the Chinese case study (Chen and Haynes, 2012).
| Variables | Definition | Mean | S.D. |
|---|---|---|---|
| tat | Number of total overseas tourist arrivals (10,000 persons) | 173.271 | 359.405 |
| taf | Number of foreign tourist arrivals (10,000 persons) | 94.425 | 120.324 |
| tr | Tourism revenue from overseas tourist arrivals (2005 million $) | 822.995 | 1419.954 |
| rider | Passenger railway ridership (10,000 persons) | 3946.763 | 2847.747 |
| rlen | Railway length (kilometre) | 2396.565 | 1517.768 |
| gpppc | Gross Provincial Product per capita (2005 $) | 2159.243 | 1690.715 |
| hotel | Number of five-star hotels | 9.202 | 12.445 |
| resta | Number of starred restaurants | 357.952 | 521.354 |
| whs | Number of World Heritage Sites | 2.118 | 3.217 |
| artc | Number of art galleries | 62.263 | 44.397 |
| lib | Number of libraries | 89.105 | 42.915 |
| museum | Number of museums | 54.358 | 37.288 |
| exchange | Exchange rate (US $ to RMB) | 7.831 | 0.600 |
| pollution | Number of environmental accidents | 41.570 | 67.786 |
| SARS | A dummy variable equal to one for 2003 | 0.083 | 0.277 |
| BJolympic | A dummy variable equal to one for 2008 | 0.083 | 0.277 |
| SHExpo | A dummy variable equal to one for 2010 | 0.083 | 0.277 |
| HSR | A dummy variable equal to one for the year and province with a HSR service | 0.083 | 0.277 |