Table 2.
Basic characteristics of RNA viruses.
| RNA viruses |
Genom |
Replication |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virus family | RNA type/segment/topology | Polarity | Enzyme | Intracellular site |
| Arenaviridae | ssRNA/2/linear | Ambisense | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Arteriviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Astroviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Birnaviridae | dsRNA/2/linear | both | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Bornaviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (−) | Virion RNA polymerase | Nucleus |
| Bunyaviridae | ssRNA/3/linear | (−) or ambisense | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Caliciviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Coronaviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Deltavirus | ssRNA/1/circular | (−) | RNA polymerase II | Nucleus |
| Filoviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (−) | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Flaviviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Hepeviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Nodaviridae | ssRNA/2/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Orthomyxoviridae | ssRNA/6-8/linear | (−) | Virion RNA polymerase | Nucleus |
| Paramyxoviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (−) | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Picornaviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Reoviridae | dsRNA/10-12/linear | both | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Retroviridae | ssRNA/2/linear | (+) | Virion reverse transcriptase | Nucleus/cytoplasm |
| Rhabdoviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (−) | Virion RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |
| Togaviridae | ssRNA/1/linear | (+) | Viral RNA polymerase | Cytoplasm |