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. 2020 Feb 10;47(1):20–33. doi: 10.5653/cerm.2020.00388

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Copyright © 2020. THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Comparisons among type 1 diabetes mellitus control (C-T1DM), type 1 DM (T1DM), type 2 DM control (C-T2DM), and type 2 DM (T2DM) mice on experimental days 36 and 72. (A) Sperm concentration. (B) Acrosome reaction. Top right: representative photographs of acrosome-intact (AI) sperm stained with 0.22% Coomassie blue G-250 and acrosome-reacted (AR) sperm without staining. (C) Incomplete sperm DNA structure and packaging. Top right: toluidine blue-reacted (TB+) sperm indicating sperm with abnormal chromatin versus sperm with normal chromatin (TB–). (D) Visualization of sperm chromatin condensation. Top right: aniline blue-reacted (AB+) sperm indicating chromatin defects of sperm nuclei versus normal sperm (AB–). Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Scale bar, 1 μm. ^a)p< 0.05 compared with control; ^b)p< 0.05 compared with T2DM; ^c)p< 0.05 compared with T1DM.