Figure 1:

Illustration of multivariate path model of the total and indirect effects of social support (SS) and depressed mood on daily cigarette use among African Americans; covariates not shown. Notation: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 indicate standardized loadings that were significantly different from zero. Solid arrows indicate direct effects on cigarette consumption. Dashed arrows indicate indirect pathway from social support to cigarette consumption. Grayed out lines are non-significant. Following path tracing rules, the product of the standardized indirect path plus the square of the direct path equals the total effects of each form of SS on cigarette consumption. Abbreviations: ESS – Emotional Social Support, ISS – Instrumental Social Support.