Fig. 4.

Graphical representation of various mechanisms of actions of drugs in Phase II clinical trials as of January, 2018 (Cummin et al. 2018). 1. Monoclonal Antibody, 2. Polyclonal Antibody, 3. Mast Cell Stabilizer, 4. NMDA Receptor, 5. BACE1 Inhibitor, 6. Nor Epinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor, 7. Insulin Signalling Modulator, 8. Anti-Viral therapy 9. 5-HT6 inhibitors, 10. AchE Inhibitors, 11. Agitation therapy 12. Anti- Psychosis 13. Anti-Inflammatory 14. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors 15. RAGE antagonist, 16. Anti- Tau aggregator, 17. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, 18. Dopamine Receptor Modulator, 19. Dual-Orexin Receptor Antagonist. Based on the mechanism, most of the drugs are targeted as BACE1 inhibitors and the second highest being the use of monoclonal antibodies. This figure marks the areas in which future drug research in the field of neurodegenerative diseases could be targeted