Table 2.
Association of oxidative stress markers, proinflammatory cytokines, and CDKN2A with ageing among T2DM patients and controls using the Chi-square test.
| Group | Markers | Level of markers | Age group | χ 2, df | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G1 (31-40 years) | G2 (41-50 years) | |||||
| Controls (n = 80) | MDA (>7.6 μmol/L) | Low | 31 (77.5%) | 29 (72.5%) | 0.267, 1 | 0.606 |
| High | 9 (22.5%) | 11 (27.5%) | ||||
| oxLDL (>1.08 μg/mL) | Low | 35 (87.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | 6.667, 1 | 0.010 | |
| High | 5 (12.5%) | 15 (37.5%) | ||||
| IL-6 (>3.04 pg/mL) | Low | 36 (90%) | 27 (67.5%) | 6.050, 1 | 0.014 | |
| High | 4 (10%) | 13 (32.5%) | ||||
| IL-1β (>1.16 pg/mL) | Low | 37 (92.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | 9.600, 1 | 0.002 | |
| High | 4 (10%) | 16 (40%) | ||||
| TNF-α (>0.88 pg/mL) | Low | 36 (90%) | 25 (62.5%) | 8.352, 1 | 0.004 | |
| High | 4 (10%) | 15 (37.5%) | ||||
| MCP-1 (>77.3 pg/mL) | Low | 35 (87.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | 6.667, 1 | 0.010 | |
| High | 5 (12.5%) | 15 (37.5%) | ||||
| CDKN2A (>4.46 ng/mL) | Low | 33 (82.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | 4.013,1 | 0.045 | |
| High | 7 (17.5%) | 15 (37.5%) | ||||
|
| ||||||
| T2DM patients (n = 80) | MDA (>7.6 μmol/L) | Low | 18 (45%) | 17 (42.5%) | 0.051, 1 | 0.822 |
| High | 22 (55%) | 23 (57.5%) | ||||
| oxLDL (>1.08 μg/mL) | Low | 19 (47.5%) | 22 (55%) | 0.450, 1 | 0.502 | |
| High | 21 (52.5%) | 18 (45%) | ||||
| IL-6 (>3.04 pg/mL) | Low | 16 (40%) | 6 (15%) | 6.270, 1 | 0.012 | |
| High | 24 (60%) | 34 (85%) | ||||
| IL-1β (>1.16 pg/mL) | Low | 21 (52.5%) | 19 (47.5%) | 0.200, 1 | 0.655 | |
| High | 19 (47.5%) | 21 (52.5%) | ||||
| TNF-α (>0.88 pg/mL) | Low | 21 (52.5%) | 12 (30%) | 4.178, 1 | 0.041 | |
| High | 19 (47.5%) | 28 (70%) | ||||
| MCP-1 (>77.3 pg/mL) | Low | 22 (55%) | 8 (20%) | 10.453, 1 | 0.001 | |
| High | 18 (45%) | 32 (80%) | ||||
| CDKN2A (>4.46 ng/mL) | Low | 23 (57.5%) | 10 (25%) | 8.717,1 | 0.003 | |
| High | 17 (42.5%) | 30 (75%) | ||||
χ 2: Chi-square value; df: degrees of freedom; p value from the Chi-square test; each cell indicated count (% within age group); MDA: malondialdehyde; oxLDL: oxidized LDL; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-1β: interleukin-1β; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; CDKN2A: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A.