Results:

Period		Baseline1	I	II	III
Interventions
1)	- Awareness	–	+	+	+
	- Protocol development	–	+	+	+
	- Implementation of protocol	–	–	+	+
	- Enforcement of protocol	–	–	–	+
	- Insertion LD in special room	–	–	+	+
2) Diagnostic and therapeutic management		–	–	+	+
3) Protocol on surgical prophylaxis		–	–	+	+
4) Introduction of closed drain-system		–	–	–	−/+
Number of patients with EVD or LD		1152	67	64	533
Number of CFS sample per 100 drain-days		–	27.5	34.2	27.8
Patients with drain-related infections (%)		45 (39.1)2	12 (17.9)	9 (14.1)	5 (9.4)
Drain-related infections per drain-episode (%)		–	12 (14.6)	9 (13.4)	5 (7.6)
EVD infections per 100 days at risk		–	1.8	2.1	0.9
LD infections per 100 days at risk		–	4.5	1.3	1.8
Multiple drain infection episodes		–	4	0	0
Total number of nosocomial infections		–	46	28	18
% patients with nosocomial infections		–	40.3	28.1	28.3
Incidence per 1000 days at risk		–	40.1	31.4	18.8
Adequate antibiotic prophylaxis % EVD		–	37	38	35
No prophylaxis EVD %		–	25	19	28

¹baseline period January 2002-June 2003

²only EVD

³incomplete data