Table 2.
Characteristics, clinical presentation and outcome of patients hospitalized with influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection between 2012 and 2015 in six French university hospitals (excluding patients infected with both RSV and influenza virus).
| RSV + (n = 53) |
RSV– (n = 1393) |
p a | Influenza+ (n = 560) |
p b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||||
| Men, n (%) | 29/53 (55) | 751/1393 (54) | 1.0 | 284/560 (51) | 0.7 |
| Median age, years (IQR) | 74 (61–84) |
70 (54–82) |
0.13 | 68 (52–81) |
0.05 |
| Age ≥65 years, n (%) | 35/53 (66) | 825/1393 (59) | 0.39 | 321/560 (57) | 0.24 |
| Median BMI, kg/m2 (IQR) | 23.4 (20.8–27.7) | 24.8 (21.5–28.7) | 0.15 | 24.8 (21.8–28.4) | 0.14 |
| Chronic diseases (at least one) | 45/53 (85) | 1162/1393 (83) | 1.0 | 466/560 (83) | 0.85 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 29/53 (55) | 630/1391 (45) | 0.21 | 249/559 (45) | 0.2 |
| Chronic heart disease | 24/53 (45) | 584/1391 (42) | 0.67 | 231/559 (41) | 0.66 |
| Diabetes | 8/53 (15) | 349/1391 (25) | 0.11 | 139/559 (25) | 0.13 |
| Chronic renal failure | 11/53 (21) | 182/1391 (13) | 0.15 | 69/559 (12) | 0.09 |
| Solid cancer | 12/53 (23) | 152/1391 (11) | 0.01 | 49/559 (9) | 0.003 |
| Haematological malignancy | 6/53 (11) | 67/1393 (5) | 0.04 | 25/559 (4) | 0.04 |
| Cirrhosis | 0 | 31/1391 (2) | 0.63 | 10/559 (2) | 1.0 |
| Immunosuppressive treatment | 15/53 (28) | 205/1393 (15) | 0.01 | 78/560 (14) | 0.01 |
| Pregnancy | 0 | 20/957 (2) | 1.0 | 9/421 (2) | 1.0 |
| Current smokers | 31/53 (58) | 693/1377 (50) | 0.27 | 271/551 (49) | 0.25 |
| Influenza vaccination in current season | 31/53 (58) | 610/1373 (44) | 0.05 | 234/555 (42) | 0.03 |
| ICU admission | 8/53 (15) | 205/1393 (15) | 0.85 | 81/560 (14) | 0.84 |
| Hospitalization in the previous 12 months | 26/53 (49) | 634/1389 (45) | 0.67 | 246/559 (44) | 0.56 |
| Mean number of hospitalizations in the previous 12 months (SD) among patients hospitalized at least once | 1.4 (2.3) | 1.1 (2.3) | 0.37 | 1.0 (2.1) | 0.24 |
| Presence of children <5 years old in household | 0 | 108/1393 (8) | 0.03 | 54/560 (10) | 0.01 |
| Clinical presentation | |||||
| Median time from symptom onset to hospitalization, days (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.65 | 2 (1–3) | 0.35 |
| Fever (≥38°C) | 44/53 (83) | 1146/1392 (82) | 1.0 | 501/560 (89) | 0.17 |
| Cough | 43/53 (81) | 1087/1392 (78) | 0.74 | 457/560 (82) | 1.0 |
| Dyspnoea | 45/53 (85) | 1040/1393 (75) | 0.11 | 408/560 (73) | 0.07 |
| Sudden symptom onset | 12/31 (39) | 400/819 (48) | 0.28 | 139/271 (51) | 0.26 |
| Weakness/malaise | 12/53 (23) | 435/1393 (31) | 0.22 | 173/560 (31) | 0.27 |
| Headache | 10/53 (19) | 351/1392 (25) | 0.34 | 147/560 (26) | 0.32 |
| Myalgia | 6/53 (11) | 315/1391 (23) | 0.06 | 124/559 (22) | 0.08 |
| Outcome and treatment | |||||
| At least one complication during the hospital stay | 30/52 (58) | 635/1390 (46) | 0.09 | 275/560 (49) | 0.25 |
| Pneumonia | 23/52 (44) | 362/1390 (26) | 0.006 | 157/560 (28) | 0.02 |
| Respiratory failure | 15/52 (29) | 297/1390 (21) | 0.23 | 130/560 (23) | 0.39 |
| Acute heart failure | 10/52 (19) | 180/1390 (13) | 0.21 | 80/560 (14) | 0.31 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 7/52 (13) | 119/1390 (9) | 0.21 | 56/560 (10) | 0.47 |
| Median length of stay, days (IQR) | 9 (6–25) | 9 (4–22) | 0.4 | 10 (5–23) | 0.74 |
| Death | 4/53 (8) | 62/1393 (4) | 0.3 | 23/560 (4) | 0.28 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range
a
Comparison between RSV+ and RSV– patients.
b
Comparison between RSV+ and influenza virus+ patients.