Table 3.
Clinical findings of children with community‐acquired pneumonia associated with viruses, bacteria, both viruses and bacteria, or the most common combinations of viruses and bacteria
| Characteristic | Viruses | Bacteria | Both viruses and bacteria | RV with ≥1 bacterium | HMPV with ≥1 bacterium | Streptococcus pneumoniae with ≥1 virus | Haemophilus influenzae with ≥1 virus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 4 (5) | 19 (25) | 50 (66) | 10 (13) | 7 (9) | 14 (18) | 14 (18) |
| Age (years)a | 2.0 (1.6–2.4) | 6.0 (2.9–7.7) | 4.4 (1.5–5.8) | 5.4 (1.5–5.8) | 4.1 (3.0–6.0) | 6.4 (2.0–11.4) | 3.5 (1.7–4.5) |
| On admission | |||||||
| White blood cell count (109/L)a | 18.6 (14.7–22.6) | 20.1 (14.0–26.7) | 17.0 (9.3–24.6) | 21.0 (11.0–28.9) | 11.3 (5.4–11.6) | 21.4c (18.4–27.3) | 11.3c (7.7–10.3) |
| Serum C‐reactive protein level (mg/L)a | 82.5 (6.0–159.0) | 166.4 (120.0–244.0) | 121.8b1 (32.0–189.0) | 129.9 (20.0–212.0) | 50.3 (24.0–218.0) | 132.6 (58.0–212.0) | 99.3 (32.0–136.0) |
| Fever (°C)a | 40.1b2 (39.8–40.4) | 39.7b1 (39.5–40.0) | 39.7b7 (39.6–39.8) | 39.6b1 (39.8–39.8) | 39.6 (39.3–39.8) | 39.9b1 (39.8–40.1) | 39.7b2 (39.7–39.8) |
| Chest radiograph findings | |||||||
| Alveolar infiltrates, n (%) | 3 (75) | 19 (100) | 43 (86) | 9 (90) | 7 (100) | 12 (86) | 12 (86) |
| Interstitial infiltrates, n (%) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) | 9 (18) | 1 (10) | 1 (14) | 2 (14) | 3 (21) |
HMPV, human metapneumovirus; RV, rhinovirus.
aValues are mean (interquartile range).
bNumber of missing data.
cSignificant difference (p 0.001) between the groups of S. pneumoniae with viruses and H. influenzae with viruses. Otherwise, there were no significant differences (p ≤0.05) in the clinical picture of community‐acquired pneumonia between different aetiological groups.
Values of C‐reactive protein level and fever were not available from all of the children and therefore the number of missing data is shown as superscripts in the table.