Table 1.
Common DNA virus infection in the absence of IFN-γ- or IL-12/IL-23-mediated immunity in humans and mice
| Virus family | Humans |
Mice |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virus speciesa | No. of seropositivesb | Severe illness (infections)c | Virus speciesd | Apparently normale | Abnormalf | |
| Adenoviridae (ds) | HAV | No data | No case reported | HAV | 12KO [43] | |
| Herpesviridae (ds) | HSV | 4/16 (25%) | One case [10] | HSV | GKO [55] | GKO [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49]; aG [52], [53], [54] |
| HCMV | 14/23 (61%) | Three cases [10], [30] | MCMV | GKO [64] | GKO [56], [57], [58]; aG [54], [59], [60]; 12KO [61], [62]; a12 [63] | |
| VZV | 16/20 (80%) | Two cases [10], [30] | No infection | |||
| EBV | 17/24 (71%) | No case reported | γ-MHV68 | GKO, aG [65] | GKO [66], [67], [68]; 12KO [69] | |
| HHV6 | 2/2 (100%) | No case reported | No infection | |||
| HHV8 | No data | One Kaposi’s sarcoma [12] | No infection | |||
| Poxviridae (ds) | MCV | No data | No lesion reported | No infection | ||
| Parvoviridae (ss) | B19 | 2/3 (67%) | No case reported | No infection | ||
| Papovaviridae (ds) | HPV | 1/1 (100%) | No lesion reported | No infection | ||
HAV, human adenovirus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; HCMV, human cytomegalovirus; VZV, varicella zoster virus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HHV6, human herpes virus 6; HHV8, human herpes virus 8; MCV, molluscum contagiosum virus; B19, parvovirus B19; HPV, human papilloma virus.
Data from IL-12β1, IL-12p40, IFNγR1 and IFN-γR2 and STAT1 deficient patients; mean±S.D. age (years) of the patients in which the specific seropositivity was evaluated: HSV 13+6, CMV 14+10, VZV 17+10, EBV 15+10, HHV6 18+21, B19 12+18, HPV 33.
An abnormal immune defense refers to more severe infection or disease in patients with impaired IL-12- or IFN-γ-mediated responses than in healthy individuals.
Species related to human-tropic virus; non-human, mouse-tropic virus species are indicated in italics; MCMV, murine cytomegalovirus; γ-MHV-68, γ murine herpes virus 68.
An apparently normal immune defense refers to a comparable disease or in vitro response between mice with or without impaired IFNγ- or IL-12- and IL-23-mediated response.
An abnormal immune defense refers to a more severe disease or in vitro immune response in mice with impaired IFNγ- or IL-12- and IL-23-mediated response; GKO: IFN-γ and IFN-γR1KO mice; aG: anti-IFNγ antibody-treated mice; 12KO: IL-12p40 and IL-12Rβ1 mice; a12: anti-IL-12 antibody-treated mice. Infection routes: intranasal [43], [61], [67], [68], [69]; corneal [46], [49], [50], [51], [55]; intradermal [47], [52]; intraperitoneal [43], [45], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [66]. References for each experimental infection are indicated. The genetic backgrounds were: IFN-γKO mice: Balb/C [46], [47], [48], [49], [57], [65], [66]; C57BL/6 [56]; 129/SV/E [50], [51]; IFN-γR1KO mice: 129/SV/E [44], [45], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [55], [56], [57], [64], [66], [67], [68]; anti-IFNγ antibody-treated mice: Balb/C [52], [53], [59], [60], [65]; 129/SV/E [44]; CB17 SCID [54]; p40IL-12KO mice: Balb/C [43], [61], [62]; C57BL/6 [43], [69]; anti-IL-12Ab-treated mice: nu/nu SCID [63].