. 2003 Nov 6;3(1):55–67. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2003.07.002

Table 3.

Interventions to prevent pneumonia in the elderly

Vaccination (pneumococcus, influenza virus)

Prophylaxis and early treatment of viral influenza outbreaks

Optimize nutritional status

Minimize risk of aspiration

Adequate therapy of chronic disease states

Avoid institutionalization (if possible)

Smoking cessation