TABLE 1.
Comparison of Baseline Variables, Process Indicators, and Outcome Variables
| Preintervention Group (N = 66) | ESPP Group (N = 351) | Test Statistics | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline variables | ||||
| Age (SD) | 75.48 (6.907) | 76.87 (8.039) | t = −1.308a | 0.192 |
| Sex (%) | ||||
| Male | 24 (36.4) | 150 (42.7) | χ2 = 0.927b | 0.336 |
| Female | 42 (63.6) | 201 (57.3) | ||
| Marital status (%) | ||||
| Married | 24 (36.4) | 155 (44.2) | χ2 =1.653b | 0.199 |
| Unmarried | 42 (63.6) | 190 (54.1) | ||
| Missing data | 0 (0) | 6 (1.7) | ||
| Living alone (%) | ||||
| Yes | 15 (22.7) | 31 (8.8) | χ2 = 10.929b | 0.001 |
| No | 51 (77.3) | 320 (91.2) | ||
| Financial support from social security system (%) | ||||
| Yes | 27 (40.9) | 120 (34.2) | χ2 =1.099b | 0.294 |
| No | 39 (59.1) | 231 (65.8) | ||
| Educational level (%) | ||||
| Primary or below | 58 (87.9) | 299 (85.2) | χ2 = 0.225b | 0.636 |
| Secondary or above | 8 (12.1) | 50 (14.2) | ||
| Missing data | 0 (0) | 2 (0.6) | ||
| Current diagnosis of depressive disorder (ICD-10) (%) | ||||
| Yes | 45 (68.2) | 170 (48.4) | χ2 =8.675b | 0.003 |
| No | 21 (31.8) | 181 (51.6) | ||
| Score on Geriatric Depression Scale (%) | ||||
| Below cutoff (<8) | 14 (21.2) | 132 (37.6) | χ2 =6.563b | 0.010 |
| At or above cutoff (≥8) | 52 (78.8) | 219 (62.4) | ||
| History of suicide attempt (excluding index attempt) (%) | ||||
| Yes | 24 (36.4) | 70 (19.9) | χ2 =8.579b | 0.003 |
| No | 42 (63.6) | 281 (80.1) | ||
| Method of index suicide attempt (%) | ||||
| Drug overdose + ingestion of nondrugs | 26 (39.4) | 99 (28.2) | χ2 =4.500c | 0.343 |
| Jumping from heights | 14 (21.2) | 71 (20.2) | ||
| Hanging | 7 (10.6) | 48 (13.7) | ||
| Stabbing/wrist laceration | 5 (7.6) | 47 (13.4) | ||
| Others | 14 (21.2) | 86 (24.5) | ||
| Index attempt requiring hospitalization (%) | ||||
| Yes | 46 (69.7) | 228 (65) | χ2 = 0.554b | 0.457 |
| No | 20 (30.3) | 123 (35) | ||
| Process indicators | ||||
| Duration of psychogeriatric service contact/months (SD) | 19.55 (7.181) | 18.67 (8.065) | t = 0.734d | 0.464 |
| Antidepressant prescriptions after index attempt (= 6 weeks) (%) | ||||
| Yes | 46 (69.7) | 276 (78.6) | χ2 =2.521b | 0.112 |
| No | 20 (30.3) | 75 (21.4) | ||
| Duration of antidepressant prescriptions/months (SD) | 14.06 (10.861) | 15.37 (10.227) | t = −0.918e | 0.359 |
| History of noncompliance with treatment (%) | ||||
| Yes | 22 (33.3) | 62 (17.7) | χ2 =8.480b | 0.004 |
| No | 44 (66.7) | 289 (82.3) | ||
| Outcome variables | ||||
| Repeat suicide attempt (%) | 7 (10.61) | 35 (9.97) | χ2 = 0.025b | 0.875 |
| Completed suicide (%) | 5 (7.58) | 7 (1.99) | χ2 =6.192b | 0.028f |
Notes: SD: standard deviation.
a
t test with df = 415.
b
χ2 test with df = 1.
c
χ2 test with df = 4.
d
t test with df = 352.
e
t test with df = 407.
f
Fisher's exact test.