Table 1.

Baseline socio-demographic characteristics of recruited patients, according to the prognosis group^a

	Good prognosis (n = 502)	Poor prognosis (n = 189)	OR (95% CI)	p-Value
Demographic characteristics
Age, months, mean ± SD	23.40 ± 14.80	16.00 ± 12.10		0.001
Age <12 months	123 (24.50)	89 (47.59)	2.80 (1.97–2.98)	0.001
Female sex	187 (37.25)	62 (33.16)	0.84 (0.59–1.19)	0.32
Patient history
Prematurity	28 (5.59)	23 (12.30)	2.37 (1.33–4.33)	0.003
Breastfeeding ≥6 months	308 (61.72)	109 (58.30)	0.87 (0.62–1.22)	0.41
Vitamin A supplementation	461 (91.83)	168 (89.84)	0.79 (0.45–1.40)	0.67
Past morbidity and co-morbidity
Previous admission for ARI	182 (36.25)	39 (20.86)	0.46 (0.31–0.68)	0.001
History of wheezing or asthma	164 (32.67)	22 (11.76)	0.27 (0.17–0.44)	0.001
Antibiotic preceding admission	136 (27.09)	68 (36.36)	1.54 (1.08–2.20)	0.018
Existing co-morbidity	13 (2.60)	12 (6.50)	3.06 (1.37–6.83)	0.016
Vaccination history
Adequate vaccination status according to age	438 (87.43)	158 (84.95)	0.81 (0.50–1.31)	0.39
At least one dose of Hib vaccine	492 (98.01)	181 (96.80)	0.61 (0.22–1.70)	0.34
Proxy of socioeconomic level
Parents with high level of education	68 (13.55)	24 (12.83)	0.94 (0.57–1.55)	0.93
Medical insurance	137 (27.30)	40 (21.40)	0.72 (0.48–1.08)	0.28
Father's occupation status	396 (79.68)	145 (79.23)	0.97 (0.64–1.47)	0.89
Mother's occupation status	60 (11.98)	20 (10.70)	0.88 (0.51–1.50)	0.64
Family environment
Smoking exposure at home	192 (38.32)	87 (46.52)	1.04 (1–1.97)	0.05
Number of persons in the house >6	189 (37.65)	75 (40.11)	1.11 (0.80–1.57)	0.55
Rooms in the house >3	164 (32.67)	72 (38.50)	1.30 (0.91–1.83)	0.15

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; ARI, acute respiratory infection; Hib, Haemophilus influenzae type b.

^aResults are n (%), unless stated otherwise.