Table 3.
Laboratory and microbiology findings for the patients recruited, according to the prognosis groupa
| Good prognosis (n = 502) | Poor prognosis (n = 189) | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarkers | ||||
| High PCT levels (>5 ng/ml) | 98 (20.04) | 92 (49.73) | 3.94 (2.69–5.77) | 0.001 |
| High CRP levels (>5 mg/dl) | 100 (20.16) | 60 (32.61) | 1.91 (1.30–2.80) | 0.004 |
| Haemogram | ||||
| WBC count, mean ± SD | 15.82 ± 7.70 | 16.43 ± 8.01 | NA | 0.42 |
| Abnormal WBC (<5 or >20, × 109/l) | 84 (23.33) | 38 (25.85) | 1.15 (0.74–1.79) | 0.54 |
| Haemoglobin, g/l, mean ± SD | 11.62 ± 2.82 | 10.56 ± 1.87 | NA | 0.001 |
| Anaemia <9 g/l | 27 (7.44) | 24 (16.11) | 2.39 (1.32–4.32) | 0.003 |
| Biochemistry | ||||
| Creatinine, Micromol/L, mean ± SD | 4.05 ± 0.53 | 4.46 ± 2.6 | NA | 0.34 |
| Sodium, Micromol/L, mean ± SD | 135.73 ± 3.9 | 136.72 ± 6.47 | NA | 0.42 |
| Potassium, Micromol/L, mean ± SD | 4.62 ± 0.55 | 4.64 ± 0.72 | NA | 0.88 |
| Glycaemia, Micromol/L, mean ± SD | 95.97 ± 40.61 | 114.5 ± 63.61 | NA | 0.12 |
| Bacteraemia | 10 (2.03) | 14 (7.50) | 3.9 (1.68–9.01) | 0.006 |
| PCR results, microorganism isolated | ||||
| Human metapneumovirus | 33 (6.76) | 27 (15.08) | 2.48 (1.44–4.29) | 0.007 |
| Rhinovirus | 282 (56.97) | 72 (40.22) | 0.50 (0.35–0.72) | 0.001 |
| Coronavirus | 41 (8.28) | 13 (7.26) | 0.87 (0.45–1.66) | 0.66 |
| Bordetella pertussis | 3 (0.61) | 2 (1.12) | 1.85 (0.31–11.16) | 0.49 |
| Mycoplasma | 7 (1.41) | 3 (1.68) | 1.18 (0.30–4.61) | 0.80 |
| Influenza virus | 14 (2.83) | 10 (5.60) | 2.03 (0.88–4.66) | 0.08 |
| Parainfluenza virus | 92 (24.58) | 44 (18.60) | 1.43 (0.95–2.15) | 0.08 |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 93 (18.80) | 32 (17.88) | 0.94 (0.60–1.47) | 0.78 |
| Adenovirus | 86 (17.37) | 30 (16.76) | 0.96 (0.61–1.51) | 0.85 |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; NA, Not applicable; PCT, procalcitonin; CRP, C-reactive protein; WBC, white blood cell count.
a
Results are n (%), unless stated otherwise.