Table 3.
Effect of the Upstream Dinucleotide on −1 Frameshifting Efficiency
| Plasmids | Modified Sequence | tRNA (Anticodon loop) | Frameshift |
|---|---|---|---|
| pAC.5.AA | aau AAuuua aac | ACU GUU t6 AAΨ | 18.0% ± 2% |
| pAC.5.AC | aau ACuuua aac | Am5CU IGU t6 AAΨ | 22.0% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.UA | aau UAuuua aac | ACU GΨA i6 AAΨ | 19.3% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.UC | aau UCuuua aac | AΨU IGA i6 AAΨ | 22.1% ± 2% |
| pAC.5.UG | aau UGuuua aac | AΨU GCA i6 AAΨ | 19.0% ± 2% |
| pAC.5.UU | aau UUuuua aac | ACmU GmAA YAΨ | 21.0% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.AG | aau AGuuua aac | CCU GCU AAG | 9.3% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.AU | aau AUuuua aac | GCU IAU t6 AAC | 7.0% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.CA | aau CAuuua aac | GΨU GUG m1 GCC | 9.0% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.CC | aau CCuuua aac | CUU AGG GUG | 9.0% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.CG | aau CGuuua aac | GCU ICG AAC | 7.5% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.CU | aau CUuuua aac | GUC GAG GUC | 10.0% ± 2% |
| pAC.5.GA | aau GAuuua aac | CΨU GUC m1GCG | 9.4% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.GC | aau GCuuua aac | CUU IGC m1IΨG | 8.0% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.GG | aau GGuuua aac | GΨU GCC AΨC | 8.5% ± 1% |
| pAC.5.GU | aau GUuuua aac | CΨU IAC ACG | 6.7% ± 1% |
The FY strain was transformed with one of the plasmids harboring the test sequence as indicated (from 5′ to 3′). Frameshifting efficiencies were measured at 30°C, and the data are expressed as percentages. Codons including the dinucleotides are underlined and anticodon of tRNA anticodon loops are in bold (Lecointe, 2002); heptamers are in bold and dinucleotides in uppercase.