Table 1.

Effects of IL-12 on virally infected cells

Action	Effector	Effector action	Example(s)	Outcome
Direct	IL-12	IL-12 inducible genes	NOS 1, 2, 3, TNF-α, IFN-γ others?	Inhibition of viral infection, chemotaxis for NK cells
Indirect	IFN-γ	IFN-γ-inducible genes	IRF-1, Mx, GTPAses, RNAse L, 2′-5′A Synthase, RNA-dependent Protein Kinase (PKR), NOS 1, 2, 3, MHC, IP-10/crg-2	Cytostasis, viral inhibition, increases sensitivity to CTL lysis, chemotaxis and angiostatic activities
Indirect	TNF-α	TNF-α-inducible genes and pathways	Caspases, NOS 1, 2, 3	Apopotosis of virally infected cells, viral inhibition