Figure 1.

Shaping the Antiviral Response

The themes that location, amount, and timing are important in determining antiviral response magnitude and quality are as true for the part played within the cell by viral nucleic acids that modulate type 1 interferon production and innate immunity as they are for the nonself proteins and MHC+peptide complexes that stimulate B cells and T cells. Understanding and exploiting the complex, interactive processes that operate between and within the innate and adaptive responses is a central challenge for viral immunity and vaccine design.