Figure 7‐4.

A representative case using LGE‐MRI reconstruction for persistent atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. 3D mapping (left panel) with bipolar voltage mapping is shown in anterior view (upper panel) and posterior view (lower panel). The LGE‐MRI reconstruction (right panel) showed compatible fibrosis areas in the mitral area, RSPV, RIPV, and LIPV. MRI was merged with 3D electroanatomic mapping during the procedure. 3D, three‐dimensional; LA, left atrium; LGE‐MRI, late gadolinium enhancement‐magnetic resonance imaging; LIPV, left inferior pulmonary vein; RIPV, right inferior pulmonary vein; RSPV, right superior pulmonary vein