Fig. 5.
Population genetic analysis of PfPIMMS43 in African P. falciparum. PfPIMMS43 FST values of 1,509 P. falciparum populations sampled from patients across Africa (Upper) and schematic representation of SNPs with high FST values leading to amino acid substitutions in each deduced protein (Lower). (Upper) Color coding indicates comparisons between countries in West, Central, and East Africa. Central Africa includes populations sampled only from the DC. White bars overlaid with colored bars indicate the FST of Pfs47. (Lower) Boldfaced amino acid substitutions are those deriving from SNPs with total FST > 0.1, and the rest of the substitutions are those showing high FST in comparison between populations sampled from specific countries. Substitutions marked with red stars are those showing very high FST and have swept to almost fixation in some populations. Yellow spikes show the positions of conserved cysteine residues. Burkina Faso, BF; Democratic Republic of the Congo, DC; Gambia, GM; Ghana, GH; Guinea, GN; Kenya, KE; Madagascar, MG; Malawi, MW; Mali, ML; Tanzania, TZ; Uganda, UG.